~すぎる – Saying Something Is “Too Much” in Japanese [JLPT N5]
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Quick Summary
- Meaning: ~すぎる (~sugiru) means “too much” or “excessive.” It shows that something goes beyond a normal or good level.
- How to Use: Attach ~すぎる to the stem of a verb, or to an adjective, to say something is “too [do]” or “too [adjective].”
Example:
- このロボットは早く歩きすぎます。
- Kono robotto wa hayaku aruki sugimasu.
- This robot walks too fast.
Overview
The grammar point ~すぎる (~sugiru) is a very common way to say that something is “too much” in Japanese.
You use ~すぎる when:
- an action is done too much: 食べすぎる (tabesugiru, to eat too much)
- something is too strong in quality: 高すぎる (taka sugiru, too expensive / too high)
The nuance is usually negative or at least not ideal. It often suggests “more than is good,” “more than necessary,” or “more than expected.”
- あのねこは静かすぎます。
- Ano neko wa shizuka sugimasu.
- That cat is too quiet.
This doesn’t always mean something terrible. Sometimes it’s just a soft complaint or a funny comment:
- おじいさんは元気すぎて、テーブルの上でダンスします。
- Ojiisan wa genki sugite, teeburu no ue de dansu shimasu.
- Grandpa is too energetic, so he dances on the table.
At the JLPT N5 level, you will mainly use ~すぎる with:
- verbs: to do something too much
- i-adjectives: too big, too small, too hot, etc.
- na-adjectives: too quiet, too simple, etc.
It is very useful in daily conversation to talk about food, weather, homework, prices, and even people’s behavior.
Structure / Formation
The basic idea is: word + すぎる.
Core Patterns
- V-stem + すぎる
- i-adj-い → remove い + すぎる
- na-adj + すぎる
すぎる (sugiru) itself is a verb. It conjugates like a regular ichidan (る) verb. The “base” dictionary form is すぎる (sugiru), and the polite form is すぎます (sugimasu).
1. Verbs + すぎる
To say “do something too much,” attach ~すぎる to the V-stem (the ます-stem) of the verb.
Pattern:
- V-stem + すぎる
- V-stem + すぎます (polite)
How to find the V-stem:
- Take the polite form V-ます
- Remove ます
Then simply add すぎる / すぎます.
| Dictionary form (V-る) |
Polite form (V-ます) |
V-stem | “Too much” form | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 食べる taberu |
食べます tabemasu |
食べ |
食べすぎます tabesugimasu |
eat too much |
| 飲む nomu |
飲みます nomimasu |
飲み nomi |
飲みすぎます nomisugimasu |
drink too much |
| 勉強する benkyou suru |
勉強します benkyou shimasu |
勉強し benkyou shi |
勉強しすぎます benkyou shisugimasu |
study too much |
Examples:
- きのう夜ゲームをしすぎました。
- Kinou yoru geemu o shisugimashita.
- Last night I played games too much.
- このカフェではコーヒーを飲みすぎます。
- Kono kafe de wa koohii o nomisugimasu.
- At this café I drink coffee too much.
2. i-adjectives + すぎる
For i-adjectives like 大きい (ookii, big) or 高い (takai, high / expensive), remove the final い and then add すぎる.
Pattern:
- i-adj-い → i-adj-く + ない (normal negative, for reference)
- i-adj-い → (remove い) + すぎる
- … + すぎます for polite speech
| i-adj | Drop い | + すぎる (plain) | + すぎます (polite) | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 大きい ookii |
大き |
大きすぎる ookisugiru |
大きすぎます ookisugimasu |
too big |
| 高い takai |
高 taka |
高すぎる takasugiru |
高すぎます takasugimasu |
too high / too expensive |
| 暑い atsui |
暑 atsu |
暑すぎる atsusugiru |
暑すぎます atsusugimasu |
too hot |
Examples:
- この帽子は大きすぎます。
- Kono boushi wa ooki sugimasu.
- This hat is too big.
- この山は高すぎて、うちのイヌが笑います。
- Kono yama wa taka sugite, uchi no inu ga waraimasu.
- This mountain is so tall that my dog laughs.
3. na-adjectives + すぎる
For na-adjectives like 静か (shizuka, quiet) or 元気 (genki, energetic), you attach すぎる directly to the adjective (without adding な).
Pattern:
- na-adj + すぎる
- na-adj + すぎます (polite)
| na-adj | + すぎる (plain) | + すぎます (polite) | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 静か shizuka |
静かすぎる shizuka sugiru |
静かすぎます shizuka sugimasu |
too quiet |
| 元気 genki |
元気すぎる genki sugiru |
元気すぎます genki sugimasu |
too energetic |
| べんり benri (convenient) |
べんりすぎる benri sugiru |
べんりすぎます benri sugimasu |
too convenient |
Examples:
- この図書館は静かすぎて、くしゃみも怖いです。
- Kono toshokan wa shizuka sugite, kushami mo kowai desu.
- This library is so quiet that even sneezing is scary.
- あのロボットは元気すぎます。
- Ano robotto wa genki sugimasu.
- That robot is too energetic.
4. Conjugating すぎる
Once you add ~すぎる to a verb or adjective, the whole phrase acts like a verb. You can conjugate it in simple ways you already know.
| Form | Example (食べすぎる) | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| V-る (dictionary) | 食べすぎる | tabesugiru | to eat too much |
| V-ます (polite) | 食べすぎます | tabesugimasu | eat too much |
| V-た (past) | 食べすぎた | tabesugita | ate too much |
| V-ました (polite past) | 食べすぎました | tabesugimashita | ate too much |
| V-ない (negative) | 食べすぎない | tabesuginai | do not eat too much |
Example:
- きのうケーキを食べすぎました。
- Kinou keeki o tabesugimashita.
- Yesterday I ate too much cake.
5. Usage Tips
1. Often slightly negative
~すぎる often shows that something is a problem or not good:
- このテストは難しすぎます。
- Kono tesuto wa muzukashi sugimasu.
- This test is too difficult.
2. You can use it about yourself
You can easily talk about your own habits or feelings:
- ユーチューブを見すぎます。
- Yuuchuubu o misugimasu.
- I watch YouTube too much.
3. Don’t mix with とても / すごく
とても (totemo) and すごく (sugoku) mean “very,” but ~すぎる is stronger and usually more negative. Compare:
- このカレーはとても辛いです。
- Kono karee wa totemo karai desu.
- This curry is very spicy.
- このカレーは辛すぎます。
- Kono karee wa kara sugimasu.
- This curry is too spicy.
Example Sentences
- ロボットの先生は、しゅくだいを出しすぎます。
- Robotto no sensei wa, shukudai o dashisugimasu.
- Our robot teacher gives too much homework.
- きのう夜ユーチューバーになりたくて、しゃべりすぎました。
- Kinou yoru yuuchuubaa ni naritakute, shaberisugimashita.
- Last night I wanted to be a YouTuber and talked too much.
- この星のラーメンは、ねだんが高すぎます。
- Kono hoshi no raamen wa, nedan ga taka sugimasu.
- The ramen on this planet is too expensive.
- うちのねこは元気すぎて、いつも天井を走ります。
- Uchi no neko wa genki sugite, itsumo tenjou o hashirimasu.
- My cat is too energetic and always runs on the ceiling.
- あしたのテストがこわいので、きょうは勉強しすぎないようにします。
- Ashita no tesuto ga kowai no de, kyou wa benkyou shisuginai you ni shimasu.
- I’m scared of tomorrow’s test, so today I’ll try not to study too much.
Quick Practice
(Answers and explanations are right under this section.)
Multiple-Choice
1. Choose the correct sentence: “This coffee is too hot.”
- A. このコーヒーは熱いすぎます。(Kono koohii wa atsui sugimasu.)
- B. このコーヒーは熱くすぎます。(Kono koohii wa atsuku sugimasu.)
- C. このコーヒーは熱すぎます。(Kono koohii wa atsusugimasu.)
- D. このコーヒーは熱くとてもです。(Kono koohii wa atsuku totemo desu.)
2. Choose the best sentence using ~すぎる: “My little brother plays games too much.”
- A. 弟はゲームをしすぎます。(Otouto wa geemu o shisugimasu.)
- B. 弟はゲームをとてもします。(Otouto wa geemu o totemo shimasu.)
- C. 弟はゲームやしすぎます。(Otouto wa geemu ya shisugimasu.)
- D. 弟はゲームをゲームすぎます。(Otouto wa geemu o geemu sugimasu.)
3. Choose the correct polite past sentence: “Yesterday I ate too much ramen.”
- A. 昨日ラーメンを食べすぎました。(Kinou raamen o tabesugimashita.)
- B. 昨日ラーメンを食べすぎです。(Kinou raamen o tabesugi desu.)
- C. 昨日ラーメンは食べとてもでした。(Kinou raamen wa tabe totemo deshita.)
- D. 昨日ラーメンを食べましたすぎ。(Kinou raamen o tabemashita sugi.)
4. Choose the correct sentence: “This room is too quiet, so the clock sounds scary.”
- A. この部屋は静かなすぎて、時計の音がこわいです。(Kono heya wa shizukana sugite, tokei no oto ga kowai desu.)
- B. この部屋は静かすぎて、時計の音がこわいです。(Kono heya wa shizuka sugite, tokei no oto ga kowai desu.)
- C. この部屋は静かでも、時計の音がこわいです。(Kono heya wa shizuka demo, tokei no oto ga kowai desu.)
- D. この部屋は静かと、時計の音がこわいです。(Kono heya wa shizuka to, tokei no oto ga kowai desu.)
5. Choose the correct negative sentence: “Let’s not run too much today.”
- A. 今日は走りすぎますない。(Kyou wa hashirisugimasu nai.)
- B. 今日は走りませんすぎる。(Kyou wa hashirimasen sugiru.)
- C. 今日は走りすぎないでおきましょう。(Kyou wa hashirisuginai de okimashou.)
- D. 今日は走りとてもないです。(Kyou wa hashiri totemo nai desu.)
Spot-the-Error
6. One sentence has an incorrect use of ~すぎる. Which one is wrong?
- A. この帽子は大きすぎます。(Kono boushi wa ookisugimasu.)
- B. この靴は小さすぎます。(Kono kutsu wa chisasugimasu.)
- C. このごはんは多いすぎます。(Kono gohan wa ooi sugimasu.)
7. One sentence has an incorrect use of ~すぎる. Which one is wrong?
- A. そのテストは簡単すぎて、ねむくなります。(Sono tesuto wa kantan sugite, nemuku narimasu.)
- B. その映画は長すぎて、ロボットもねました。(Sono eiga wa nagasugite, robotto mo nemashita.)
- C. そのピザはおいしすぎで、みんな笑います。(Sono piza wa oishisugi de, minna waraimasu.)
Translation
8. Translate into Japanese using ~すぎる: “This cat is too energetic.”
9. Translate into Japanese using ~すぎる: “I watch YouTube too much at night.”
10. Translate into Japanese using ~すぎる: “This curry is too spicy, so I can’t eat it.”
Answers and Explanations
- このコーヒーは熱すぎます。(Kono koohii wa atsusugimasu.) — For i-adjectives, drop い and add すぎます: 熱い → 熱すぎます.
- 弟はゲームをしすぎます。(Otouto wa geemu o shisugimasu.) — する becomes the stem し, then add すぎます to show “do too much.”
- 昨日ラーメンを食べすぎました。(Kinou raamen o tabesugimashita.) — V-stem 食べ + すぎました gives the polite past “ate too much.”
- この部屋は静かすぎて、時計の音がこわいです。(Kono heya wa shizuka sugite, tokei no oto ga kowai desu.) — Na-adjectives take すぎる directly: 静か + すぎて.
- 今日は走りすぎないでおきましょう。(Kyou wa hashirisuginai de okimashou.) — The negative form 走りすぎない correctly means “not run too much.”
- このごはんは多いすぎます。(Kono gohan wa ooi sugimasu.) — 多い is an i-adjective, so the correct form is 多すぎます, not 多いすぎます.
- そのピザはおいしすぎで、みんな笑います。(Sono piza wa oishisugi de, minna waraimasu.) — The て-form of ~すぎる is needed: it should be おいしすぎて, not おいしすぎで.
- この猫は元気すぎます。(Kono neko wa genki sugimasu.) — 元気 is a na-adjective, so 元気すぎます means “too energetic.”
- 夜にユーチューブを見すぎます。(Yoru ni Yuuchuubu o misugimasu.) — V-stem 見 + すぎます expresses “watch too much.”
- このカレーは辛すぎて、食べられません。(Kono karee wa kara sugite, taberaremasen.) — 辛い → 辛すぎて shows “too spicy,” and 食べられません gives “cannot eat.”
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You've noticed there are multiple ways to say “to increase” or "to decrease" in Japanese. Between transitive and intr...
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How to Say "Police Officer" in Japanese: Common Terms and Slang
There are several ways to say "police officer" in Japanese, and each one has a different level of formality and usage...
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Understanding だ (da) and です (desu) in Japanese: Meaning and Usage
When learning Japanese, one of the first things you’ll come across is だ (da) and です (desu). These words don’t have a ...
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Difference Between 及ぶ (およぶ) and 達成する (たっせいする)
Both 及ぶ and 達成する can relate to "reaching" or "achieving" something, but they have distinct nuances and usage contexts...
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JLPT N5 Study Guide: A Beginner's Roadmap to Acing the Test
If you’ve just started learning Japanese and are aiming to ace the JLPT N5, you’ll need a solid study guide to help y...
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Beginner's Guide to Japanese Particles: Learn the Basics
TL;DR: Japanese particles are crucial for structuring sentences, acting like conjunctions or prepositions in English...
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JLPT N5 Vocabulary List - All 748 Words You Need to Know
Vocabulary is the foundation of any language, and Japanese is no exception. The more you know, the better. Over time ...
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JLPT N4 Kanij List - All 176 Characters You Need To Know
After mastering the JLPT N5 kanji, you're ready to take your Japanese kanji game to the next level. JLPT N4. Let's go...
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Kanji For Kanji - 漢字
Inception time. Which kanji compose the kanji of "kanji"? The kanji for "kanji" is actually pretty straightforward. I...
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How to Memorize Katakana Easily: 9 Tips for Beginners
For those diving into Japanese, mastering hiragana and katakana is the first significant challenge. While hiragana o...
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Complete Hiragana and Katakana Chart With All 112 Characters
The very first step for everybody who wants to learn Japanese is to study the hiragana and katakana chart (before lea...
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JLPT N5 Kanji: Kanji For One 一 (ichi)
Probably one the most simple kanji to remember, the kanji for 'one' is simply written '一'. Let's see its readings and...
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How Long Does It Take to Learn Kanji? A Beginner's Guide
Ask any Japanese student what's the scariest part of learning the language, and they'll say kanji. And they're righ...
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Is it Necessary to Learn Kanji? The Last Answer You'll Ever Need
Many beginners in Japanese wonder whether they should really learn kanji. I know this, because I also wondered when s...
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How Long Does it Take to Learn Hiragana and Katakana?
As a beginner in Japanese, your first step is diving into the alphabets of Hiragana and Katakana. These are the build...
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13 Best YouTube Channels to Learn Japanese, From Beginner to Intermediate
YouTube can be an incredible resource for learning Japanese. And best of all, it's free. So we've compiled a list of ...
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Top 10 Manga for Japanese Language Learners: From Beginners to Intermediates!
If you're learning Japanese, chances are you're interested in manga. So instead of reading texts about Tanaka-san s...
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Kanji für „Feuer“ auf Japanisch: 火 oder 炎?
Willkommen zu unserer aufschlussreichen Erkundung des japanischen Kanji! Heute entfachen wir unser Verständnis ein...
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Der vollständige Leitfaden zu Ländernamen auf Japanisch: Sagen Sie sie richtig und sprechen Sie sie richtig aus!
Egal, ob Sie eine Reise planen, Japanisch lernen oder einfach nur wissen möchten, wie verschiedene Länder in einer an...
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Kanji für Frieden: 平, 和, 泰 – Die Symbole der Harmonie
Sie fragen sich vielleicht, was die japanischen Symbole für „Frieden“ sind. In diesem Artikel tauchen wir tief in ...
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Kanji für „Liebe“: Wie und wann man 愛 und 恋 verwendet
Willkommen auf unserer Reise in die Welt des japanischen Kanji! Heute beschäftigen wir uns mit einem der herzerwär...
![~く/~になる/~くする – Expressing Change with Adjectives in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ku-naru-suru-expressing-change.jpg?v=1769251371&width=170)
![な形容詞 (Na-adjectives) – Basic Forms with です in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/na-keiyoushi-basic-desu-forms.jpg?v=1769251316&width=170)
![イ形容詞 – Basic i-Adjective Conjugations in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/i-adjectives.jpg?v=1769251251&width=170)
![~ます – Polite Present and Past Verb Forms in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/masu_-_polite_verb_form.jpg?v=1767433709&width=170)
![よ – Adding Friendly Emphasis in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/yo_-_ending_particle_Friendly_Emphasis.jpg?v=1767433517&width=170)
![ね – Softly Seeking Agreement in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ending_particle.jpg?v=1766907843&width=170)
![何・だれ・いつ・どこ・どう – Basic Question Words in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/Question_Words.jpg?v=1766907708&width=170)
![ここ・そこ・あそこ・どこ – Talking About Places in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/places_fb57172a-7d06-47ee-a9b7-c1f4b6b2b264.jpg?v=1766305419&width=170)
![この・その・あの・どの – Using ‘This / That / Which’ with Nouns in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/acd351ada3fe4b04ae86de788a3350b8.jpg?v=1766305268&width=170)
![これ・それ・あれ・どれ – Saying ‘This / That / Which One’ in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/this-that.jpg?v=1766305107&width=170)
![か~か – Expressing Choices like “A or B” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/choices.jpg?v=1766304827&width=170)
![~から~まで – Saying “From A to B” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/from-AtoB.jpg?v=1765093560&width=170)
![まで – Expressing “Until” and “Up To” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/until-up-to.jpg?v=1765093405&width=170)
![から – Expressing “Because” and “From/Since” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/because-from_since.jpg?v=1765093285&width=170)
![や – Listing Examples with “And, Among Others” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/and.jpg?v=1765093138&width=170)
![か – Forming Questions and Saying “Or” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ka-questions.jpg?v=1763787134&width=170)
![も – Saying “Also” and “Too” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/mo-also-too_99f908e6-78d0-4f82-8319-391ef42764bc.jpg?v=1763787251&width=170)
![と – Linking 'And', 'With', and Quotations in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/to-and-with-quotation.jpg?v=1763265110&width=170)
![で – Marking Where and How an Action Happens in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/de-where-how-action-happens.jpg?v=1763264973&width=170)
![へ – Marking Direction ‘Toward’ in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/he-marking-direction.jpg?v=1762667986&width=170)
![に – Marking Time, Destinations, and Recipients in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ni-marking-destination.jpg?v=1762667846&width=170)
![の – Possession and Noun Linking in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/no-possession-and-noun-linking.jpg?v=1761961297&width=170)
![を – Marking the Direct Object in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/o-direct-object.jpg?v=1761960990&width=170)
![が – Marking the Subject ('Who/What') in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ga-subject-marker_60f30f70-6ca5-47ee-9a00-3646195d7d3c.jpg?v=1761386355&width=170)
![は (wa) – Topic Marker and Contrast in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/wa-topic-marker.jpg?v=1761385996&width=170)
![じゃない・ではありません – Expressing 'Is/Was Not' in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/janai-dehaarimasen_2594963b-531e-4f4d-a9b0-361010e0a720.jpg?v=1760865884&width=170)
![だ・です/だった・でした – Saying ‘to be’ in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/da-desu-datta-deshita_58bbc732-53fd-48da-83c7-4e477e7cc0b2.jpg?v=1760864506&width=170)





















