~たい – Talking About What You Want to Do in Japanese [JLPT N5]
Quick Summary
- Meaning: ~たい (~tai) is used to say that you want to do something.
- How to Use: Attach ~たい to the V-stem (the ます-stem) of a verb.
Example:
- 今日は学校で歌いたいです。
- Kyou wa gakkou de utaitai desu.
- Today I want to sing at school.
Overview
The grammar point ~たい (~tai) is how you say what you want to do in Japanese. It is attached to verbs and turns them into a kind of “want to ___” word.
For example, 食べます (tabemasu, to eat) can become 食べたいです (tabetai desu, I want to eat). In English you need extra words like “want to,” but in Japanese you just change the verb with ~たい.
We usually use ~たい to talk about our own desires or ask politely about someone else’s desire. It feels:
- Personal – about what you or someone close to you wants to do
- Casual to polite – it can be used in friendly talk or as ~たいです for polite speech
In conversation, ~たい is very common when you:
- Tell your plans: “I want to study in Japan.”
- Talk about your dreams: “I want to be a ninja.”
- Say what you feel like doing now: “I want to sleep.”
One important point: ~たい is basically an i-adjective form
If you are comparing “want a thing” with “want to do,” start with our guide to ~がほしい, for wanting a thing. It shows why がほしい takes a noun. The core formula for this grammar point is: V-stem is the verb form you get when you remove ます from the polite form V-ます. For example: To make it polite, you usually add です after ~たい: So in full sentence patterns, you’ll often see: Example: To attach ~たい correctly, you must find the V-stem. For most N5 verbs, you can do this by starting from the polite form V-ます: Example: Once you have V-stem + たい, you can build many useful sentences. The basic pattern is: Some common sentence patterns: Because ~たい works like an i-adjective, you can also use it with particles other than は, for example with が to mark the thing you want strongly. At N5 level, though, focusing on Person は + V-たいです is enough to start speaking. At JLPT N5, you will mostly use the polite form with です: You may also hear or see the casual form V-stem + たい without です among friends or in manga, but for safe everyday Japanese, especially with teachers, coworkers, or strangers, use ~たいです. Compare: Because ~たい shows your own feelings, it is most natural when: In later sections you will see more patterns (like negative “don’t want to” or past “wanted to”), but for now, remember this core: V-stem + たいです = want to do (politely). Want to compare this with ~に行く, for going somewhere to do something? That guide explains how に行く expresses going somewhere to do something. (Answers and explanations are right under this section.) 1. Choose the correct polite sentence: “I want to eat ramen.” 2. Choose the best sentence to say “My cat wants to sleep on the keyboard.” 3. Choose the correct polite question using the neutral が pattern: “What do you want to watch?” 4. Choose the most natural sentence: “Grandpa wants to go to space, but Grandma wants to go to the hot spring.” 5. Choose the correct casual sentence: “Today I want to study Japanese.” 6. One of these sentences uses ~たい incorrectly. Which one is wrong? 7. One of these sentences has an incorrect use of ~たい with particles. Which one is wrong? 8. Translate into Japanese using ~たいです: “I want to buy a new umbrella.” 9. Translate into Japanese using the casual form ~たい: “Tomorrow I want to play soccer with my friends.” 10. Translate into Japanese using ~たいです: “My little brother wants to be a ninja.”Before You Start
Structure / Formation
Base Pattern
Finding the V-stem
Dictionary form
(V-る)Polite form
(V-ます)V-stem
“Want to” form
(V-たい)
食べる (taberu, to eat)
食べます (tabemasu)
食べ
食べたい (tabetai, want to eat)
行く (iku, to go)
行きます (ikimasu)
行き
行きたい (ikitai, want to go)
見る (miru, to see / to watch)
見ます (mimasu)
見
見たい (mitai, want to see / watch)
遊ぶ (asobu, to play)
遊びます (asobimasu)
遊び
遊びたい (asobitai, want to play)
買う (kau, to buy)
買います (kaimasu)
買い
買いたい (kaitai, want to buy)
Using ~たい in Sentences
Saying you want to go somewhere.
Example:
Saying you want to eat, see, or buy something.Polite vs Casual
Geemu o tsukuritai desu.
I want to make a video game. (polite)
Geemu o tsukuritai.
I want to make a video game. (casual)Small Usage Tips
Common Mistakes and Contrasts
Example Sentences
Quick Practice
Multiple-Choice
Spot-the-Error
Translation
Answers and Explanations
Keep going
These are useful next stops if you want to compare nearby grammar patterns:
- Still mixing up this pattern with ~がほしい, for wanting a thing? Read that guide to see the difference.
- Need the basics first? Start with the lesson on 好き and 嫌い, for likes and dislikes.
- Ready for the next step? Continue with ~に行く, for going somewhere to do something.
For the full beginner path, browse the JLPT N5 Japanese Grammar Guide.
What you can do next
- Get the free JLPT N5 kanji chart. Grammar is only one part of JLPT N5. There are also 112 beginner kanji waiting for you (sorry). Get them in one printable A4 chart, with meanings and readings included.
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