~に来る – Expressing ‘Come to Do (Something)’ in Japanese [JLPT N5]
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Quick Summary
- Meaning: ~に来る (~にくる) shows that someone comes to a place in order to do something.
- How to Use: Put the action in the V-ます stem + に, then add 来る.
Example:
- 友だちは毎日、私の家に歌いに来ます。
- Tomodachi wa mainichi, watashi no ie ni utai ni kimasu.
- My friend comes to my house every day to sing.
Overview
The grammar pattern V-ます-stem + に来る is used when someone comes to a place for a purpose. In English, this often translates as “come to do ~”.
For example, if you say that you go to your friend’s house in order to play games, you might say:
- ゲームをしに来ます。
- Gēmu o shi ni kimasu.
- (Someone) comes to play games.
Here, the main movement is coming, and the extra meaning is the purpose of that movement — in this case, playing games.
We usually use this pattern when:
- Someone comes to the speaker’s place (your home, your school, your office).
- Someone comes to another place you are talking about, with a clear purpose like “to study”, “to eat”, “to buy”, and so on.
The nuance is that the action before に来る is not happening yet when they start moving. It is the goal of coming. So:
-
猫は私のベッドで寝ます。
猫 is already sleeping on your bed. -
猫は私のベッドに寝に来ます。
The cat comes (moves) to your bed in order to sleep.
At JLPT N5 level, you will mostly see V-ます-stem + に来る in the polite form 来ます (kimasu, come). You can use it to talk about yourself, your friends, or even ghosts, robots, or cats doing funny things, as long as they come somewhere to do something.
Structure / Formation
Basic Pattern
The core pattern for this grammar point is:
- Place + に + V-ま (stem) + に + 来る
Here, V-ま means the polite ます-stem of a verb. To make the stem, you usually just remove ます (masu) from the polite form.
Common examples of V-ます-stems:
- 食べます → 食べ (V-ま) → 食べに来る (tabe ni kuru, come to eat)
- 見ます → 見 (V-ま) → 見に来る (mi ni kuru, come to see/watch)
- 行きます → 行き (V-ま) → 行きに来る* (usually not used, see tip below)
- 買います → 買い (V-ま) → 買いに来る (kai ni kuru, come to buy)
- 勉強します → 勉強し (V-ま) → 勉強しに来る (benkyou shi ni kuru, come to study)
Important tip: We usually use this pattern with verbs that are a clear purpose, like 食べる (taberu, to eat), 見る (miru, to see/watch), 買う (kau, to buy). Using it with 行く (iku, to go) is very rare and usually avoided at beginner level.
Formula Summary
In shorthand, the formation looks like this:
- Place + に + V-ま + に + 来る
Where:
- Place is often a N (noun) like 学校 (gakkou, school), 家 (ie, house), or 公園 (kouen, park).
- V-ま is the ます-stem of the verb (dictionary form without ます).
- 来る (kuru, to come) is usually conjugated to 来ます in polite speech.
So in full:
-
Place (N) + に + V-ま + に + 来る
→ “come to (place) in order to (verb)”
Conjugation of 来る with This Pattern
Once you have Place + V-ま + に, you just conjugate 来る like a normal verb. Here is a simple table with the most useful forms:
| Form | Pattern | Example Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Polite non-past | V-ま + に + 来ます | come to do |
| Polite past | V-ま + に + 来ました | came to do |
| Polite negative | V-ま + に + 来ません | do not come to do |
| Plain non-past | V-ま + に + 来る | come to do (casual) |
| Plain past | V-ま + に + 来た | came to do (casual) |
At N5 level and in most textbooks, you will mainly use:
- V-ま + に + 来ます
- V-ま + に + 来ました
Step-by-Step Formation
Let’s build a sentence step by step using this pattern.
-
Choose the place (N):
Example: 図書館 (toshokan, library) -
Mark the place with に:
図書館に -
Choose the action (V):
読みます (yomimasu, to read) -
Make the V-ます-stem (V-ま):
読みます → 読み -
Add に after the stem:
読み + に → 読みに -
Add 来ます:
図書館に読み に 来ます → 図書館に読み に 来ます
“(Someone) comes to the library to read.”
Example with a bit of personality:
- ロボットは図書館に読み に 来ます。
- Robotto wa toshokan ni yomi ni kimasu.
- The robot comes to the library to read.
Examples of Common Verbs with ~に来る
Here are some very common beginner verbs in the pattern V-ま + に来ます:
| Dictionary Form (V-る) | Polite Form | V-ま (stem) | Pattern | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 食べる | 食べます | 食べ | 食べに来ます | come to eat |
| 見る | 見ます | 見 | 見に来ます | come to see/watch |
| 買う | 買います | 買い | 買いに来ます | come to buy |
| 遊ぶ | 遊びます | 遊び | 遊びに来ます | come to hang out/play |
| 勉強する | 勉強します | 勉強し | 勉強しに来ます | come to study |
Notice how する (suru, to do) verbs change: the stem becomes ~し, and then you add に来ます.
Example:
- 友だちは夜中に、私の部屋に勉強しに来ます。
- Tomodachi wa yonaka ni, watashi no heya ni benkyou shi ni kimasu.
- My friend comes to my room at midnight to study.
Where to Put the Place
Usually, the Place + に comes before the V-ま + に来る part:
- Place (N) + に + V-ま + に + 来る
For example:
- 宇宙人は学校に遊びに来ました。
- Uchuujin wa gakkou ni asobi ni kimashita.
- The alien came to the school to play.
You can also add a Time word (like 今日, 明日, 毎日) before or after the subject, as usual in Japanese. The V-ま + に来る part stays together at the end.
Usage Tip
A simple way to remember this pattern:
- V-ます form → cut ます → add に → add 来ます
So if you know 飲みます (nomimasu, to drink) and want to say “come to drink”:
- 飲みます → 飲み → 飲みに → 飲みに来ます (nomi ni kimasu, come to drink)
Example:
- 先生は私の家にコーヒーを飲みに来ます。
- Sensei wa watashi no ie ni koohii o nomi ni kimasu.
- My teacher comes to my house to drink coffee.
Example Sentences
- ドラゴンは毎週、図書館に日本語を勉強しに来ます。
- Doragon wa maishuu, toshokan ni Nihongo o benkyou shi ni kimasu.
- The dragon comes to the library every week to study Japanese.
- 宇宙人は昨日、私の家にラーメンを食べに来ました。
- Uchuujin wa kinou, watashi no ie ni raamen o tabe ni kimashita.
- Yesterday, an alien came to my house to eat ramen.
- おばあさんは夜、ゲームセンターにダンスをしに来ます。
- Obaasan wa yoru, geemu sentaa ni dansu o shi ni kimasu.
- My grandmother comes to the game center at night to dance.
- ロボットは今日は学校に宿題を手伝いに来ません。
- Robotto wa kyou wa gakkou ni shukudai o tetsudai ni kimasen.
- Today the robot does not come to school to help with homework.
- 昨日、未来から来た私の孫は、公園に写真を撮りに来ました。
- Kinou, mirai kara kita watashi no mago wa, kouen ni shashin o tori ni kimashita.
- Yesterday, my grandchild from the future came to the park to take photos.
Quick Practice
(Answers and explanations are right under this section.)
Multiple-Choice
1. Choose the best sentence: “The panda comes to the park to eat lunch.”
- A. パンダは公園で昼ごはんを食べに来ます。(Panda wa kouen de hirugohan o tabe ni kimasu.)
- B. パンダは公園に昼ごはんを食べに来ます。(Panda wa kouen ni hirugohan o tabe ni kimasu.)
- C. パンダは公園や昼ごはんを食べに来ます。(Panda wa kouen ya hirugohan o tabe ni kimasu.)
- D. パンダは公園と昼ごはんを食べに来ます。(Panda wa kouen to hirugohan o tabe ni kimasu.)
2. Choose the correct polite past sentence: “Yesterday, my cousin came to my house to play games.”
- A. いとこは昨日、私の家にゲームをしに来ました。(Itoko wa kinou, watashi no ie ni geemu o shi ni kimashita.)
- B. いとこは昨日、私の家にゲームをしますに来ました。(Itoko wa kinou, watashi no ie ni geemu o shimasu ni kimashita.)
- C. いとこは昨日、私の家にゲームをして来ました。(Itoko wa kinou, watashi no ie ni geemu o shite kimashita.)
- D. いとこは昨日、私の家でゲームをに来ました。(Itoko wa kinou, watashi no ie de geemu o ni kimashita.)
3. Choose the correct negative sentence: “Today, the ghost does not come to school to study.”
- A. おばけは今日は学校に勉強に来ないです。(Obake wa kyou wa gakkou ni benkyou ni konai desu.)
- B. おばけは今日は学校に勉強をしに来ません。(Obake wa kyou wa gakkou ni benkyou o shi ni kimasen.)
- C. おばけは今日は学校で勉強をしに来ません。(Obake wa kyou wa gakkou de benkyou o shi ni kimasen.)
- D. おばけは今日は学校に勉強をしに来ないました。(Obake wa kyou wa gakkou ni benkyou o shi ni konaimashita.)
4. Choose the sentence that correctly uses ~に来る with time and place: “Every morning, my dad comes to the kitchen to make coffee.”
- A. 毎朝、お父さんはコーヒーを作りに来ますにキッチン。(Maiasa, otousan wa koohii o tsukuri ni kimasu ni kicchin.)
- B. 毎朝、お父さんはキッチンとコーヒーを作りに来ます。(Maiasa, otousan wa kicchin to koohii o tsukuri ni kimasu.)
- C. 毎朝、お父さんはキッチンにコーヒーを作りに来ます。(Maiasa, otousan wa kicchin ni koohii o tsukuri ni kimasu.)
- D. 毎朝、お父さんはキッチンでコーヒーを作りに来ます。(Maiasa, otousan wa kicchin de koohii o tsukuri ni kimasu.)
5. Which sentence is the best Japanese for “The robot came to the station to buy a bento and water.”?
- A. ロボットは駅で弁当や水を買いに来ました。(Robotto wa eki de bentou ya mizu o kai ni kimashita.)
- B. ロボットは駅に弁当と水を買いに来ました。(Robotto wa eki ni bentou to mizu o kai ni kimashita.)
- C. ロボットは駅に弁当を水を買いますに来ました。(Robotto wa eki ni bentou o mizu o kaimasu ni kimashita.)
- D. ロボットは駅に弁当と水を買って来ました。(Robotto wa eki ni bentou to mizu o katte kimashita.)
Spot-the-Error
6. One sentence below has an error with ~に来る. Which one is wrong?
- A. 妹は私の部屋にマンガを読みに来ます。(Imouto wa watashi no heya ni manga o yomi ni kimasu.)
- B. 先生は学校に日本語を教えに来ます。(Sensei wa gakkou ni Nihongo o oshie ni kimasu.)
- C. 兄は公園で走りに来ます。(Ani wa kouen de hashiri ni kimasu.)
7. One sentence below has an error with the verb stem before に. Which one is wrong?
- A. おじいさんは公園に歌いに来ました。(Ojiisan wa kouen ni utai ni kimashita.)
- B. 私は図書館に勉強するに来ます。(Watashi wa toshokan ni benkyou suru ni kimasu.)
- C. 友だちはカフェに話しに来ます。(Tomodachi wa kafe ni hanashi ni kimasu.)
Translation
8. Translate into Japanese using ~に来る (polite): “Tonight, my cat comes to my room to sleep.”
9. Translate into Japanese using ~に来る (polite past): “Yesterday, the alien came to the library to read a book.”
10. Translate into Japanese using ~に来る (polite negative): “Tomorrow, my friends will not come to my house to watch anime.”
Answers and Explanations
- パンダは公園に昼ごはんを食べに来ます。(Panda wa kouen ni hirugohan o tabe ni kimasu.) — The place needs に, and 食べ is the correct ます-stem before に来ます.
- いとこは昨日、私の家にゲームをしに来ました。(Itoko wa kinou, watashi no ie ni geemu o shi ni kimashita.) — Use the ます-stem し + に + 来ました to show “came to play.”
- おばけは今日は学校に勉強をしに来ません。(Obake wa kyou wa gakkou ni benkyou o shi ni kimasen.) — 勉強する needs the stem し before に来ません, and に marks the goal place.
- 毎朝、お父さんはキッチンにコーヒーを作りに来ます。(Maiasa, otousan wa kicchin ni koohii o tsukuri ni kimasu.) — Time + topic + place に + V-ます-stem + に来ます is the correct order.
- ロボットは駅に弁当と水を買いに来ました。(Robotto wa eki ni bentou to mizu o kai ni kimashita.) — The robot “comes to the station in order to buy” using 買いに来ました; と correctly links two objects.
- 兄は公園で走りに来ます。(Ani wa kouen de hashiri ni kimasu.) — The error is で; it should be 公園に走りに来ます because に marks the destination of “coming.”
- 私は図書館に勉強するに来ます。(Watashi wa toshokan ni benkyou suru ni kimasu.) — The error is 勉強するに; the correct form is 勉強しに using the ます-stem し.
- 今夜、私の猫は私の部屋に寝に来ます。(Konya, watashi no neko wa watashi no heya ni ne ni kimasu.) — Place に + 寝 (ます-stem) + に来ます shows “comes to (my room) to sleep.”
- 昨日、宇宙人は図書館に本を読みに来ました。(Kinou, uchuujin wa toshokan ni hon o yomi ni kimashita.) — 読み is the ます-stem, and 読みに来ました expresses “came to read.”
- 明日、友だちは私の家にアニメを見に来ません。(Ashita, tomodachi wa watashi no ie ni anime o mi ni kimasen.) — 見に来ません is the polite negative of “come to watch.”
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を – Marking the Direct Object in Japanese [JLPT N5]
Quick Summary Meaning: を marks the direct object — the thing that receives the action of a verb. It’s pronounced ...
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![が – Marking the Subject ('Who/What') in Japanese [JLPT N5]](//hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ga-subject-marker_60f30f70-6ca5-47ee-9a00-3646195d7d3c.jpg?v=1761386355&width=170)
が – Marking the Subject ('Who/What') in Japanese [JLPT N5]
Quick Summary Meaning: The particle が marks the subject of a sentence and highlights new or focused information (an...
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![は (wa) – Topic Marker and Contrast in Japanese [JLPT N5]](//hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/wa-topic-marker.jpg?v=1761385996&width=170)
は (wa) – Topic Marker and Contrast in Japanese [JLPT N5]
Quick Summary Meaning: Marks the topic of the sentence — what you’re talking about. Often feels like “as for...” in E...
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![じゃない・ではありません – Expressing 'Is/Was Not' in Japanese [JLPT N5]](//hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/janai-dehaarimasen_2594963b-531e-4f4d-a9b0-361010e0a720.jpg?v=1760865884&width=170)
じゃない・ではありません – Expressing 'Is/Was Not' in Japanese [JLPT N5]
Quick Summary Meaning: The negative of the copula “to be.” Say “is not” or “was not” with nouns and na-adjectives. Ho...
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![だ・です/だった・でした – Saying ‘to be’ in Japanese [JLPT N5]](//hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/da-desu-datta-deshita_58bbc732-53fd-48da-83c7-4e477e7cc0b2.jpg?v=1760864506&width=170)
だ・です/だった・でした – Saying ‘to be’ in Japanese [JLPT N5]
Quick Summary Meaning: The Japanese copula — the basic “to be.” It links a topic to a noun or a na-adjective to state...
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Common Japanese Onomatopoeia: Essential Words You’ll Hear Everywhere
If you spend any time in Japan, you’ll hear onomatopoeia everywhere: on TV, in everyday conversations, in manga, and ...
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How to Say “To Increase” and “To Decrease” in Japanese: With Examples
You've noticed there are multiple ways to say “to increase” or "to decrease" in Japanese. Between transitive and intr...
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How to Say "Police Officer" in Japanese: Common Terms and Slang
There are several ways to say "police officer" in Japanese, and each one has a different level of formality and usage...
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Understanding だ (da) and です (desu) in Japanese: Meaning and Usage
When learning Japanese, one of the first things you’ll come across is だ (da) and です (desu). These words don’t have a ...
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Difference Between 及ぶ (およぶ) and 達成する (たっせいする)
Both 及ぶ and 達成する can relate to "reaching" or "achieving" something, but they have distinct nuances and usage contexts...
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JLPT N5 Study Guide: A Beginner's Roadmap to Acing the Test
If you’ve just started learning Japanese and are aiming to ace the JLPT N5, you’ll need a solid study guide to help y...
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Beginner's Guide to Japanese Particles: Learn the Basics
TL;DR: Japanese particles are crucial for structuring sentences, acting like conjunctions or prepositions in English...
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JLPT N5 Vocabulary List - All 748 Words You Need to Know
Vocabulary is the foundation of any language, and Japanese is no exception. The more you know, the better. Over time ...
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JLPT N4 Kanij List - All 176 Characters You Need To Know
After mastering the JLPT N5 kanji, you're ready to take your Japanese kanji game to the next level. JLPT N4. Let's go...
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Kanji For Kanji - 漢字
Inception time. Which kanji compose the kanji of "kanji"? The kanji for "kanji" is actually pretty straightforward. I...
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How to Memorize Katakana Easily: 9 Tips for Beginners
For those diving into Japanese, mastering hiragana and katakana is the first significant challenge. While hiragana o...
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Complete Hiragana and Katakana Chart With All 112 Characters
The very first step for everybody who wants to learn Japanese is to study the hiragana and katakana chart (before lea...
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JLPT N5 Kanji: Kanji For One 一 (ichi)
Probably one the most simple kanji to remember, the kanji for 'one' is simply written '一'. Let's see its readings and...
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How Long Does It Take to Learn Kanji? A Beginner's Guide
Ask any Japanese student what's the scariest part of learning the language, and they'll say kanji. And they're righ...
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Is it Necessary to Learn Kanji? The Last Answer You'll Ever Need
Many beginners in Japanese wonder whether they should really learn kanji. I know this, because I also wondered when s...
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How Long Does it Take to Learn Hiragana and Katakana?
As a beginner in Japanese, your first step is diving into the alphabets of Hiragana and Katakana. These are the build...
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13 Best YouTube Channels to Learn Japanese, From Beginner to Intermediate
YouTube can be an incredible resource for learning Japanese. And best of all, it's free. So we've compiled a list of ...
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Top 10 Manga for Japanese Language Learners: From Beginners to Intermediates!
If you're learning Japanese, chances are you're interested in manga. So instead of reading texts about Tanaka-san s...
![~に行く – Expressing ‘Go Somewhere to Do Something’ in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ni-iku-go-somewhere-to-do-something.jpg?v=1769937474&width=170)
![~にあります/~にいます – Saying Where Things and People Are in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ni-arimasu-imasu-location-of-existence.jpg?v=1769251504&width=170)
![~がある・~がいる – Talking About What Exists in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ga-aru-iru-there-is-are.jpg?v=1769251452&width=170)
![~すぎる – Saying Something Is “Too Much” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/sugiru-too-much.jpg?v=1769251408&width=170)
![~く/~になる/~くする – Expressing Change with Adjectives in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ku-naru-suru-expressing-change.jpg?v=1769251371&width=170)
![な形容詞 (Na-adjectives) – Basic Forms with です in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/na-keiyoushi-basic-desu-forms.jpg?v=1769251316&width=170)
![イ形容詞 – Basic i-Adjective Conjugations in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/i-adjectives.jpg?v=1769251251&width=170)
![~ます – Polite Present and Past Verb Forms in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/masu_-_polite_verb_form.jpg?v=1767433709&width=170)
![よ – Adding Friendly Emphasis in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/yo_-_ending_particle_Friendly_Emphasis.jpg?v=1767433517&width=170)
![ね – Softly Seeking Agreement in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ending_particle.jpg?v=1766907843&width=170)
![何・だれ・いつ・どこ・どう – Basic Question Words in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/Question_Words.jpg?v=1766907708&width=170)
![ここ・そこ・あそこ・どこ – Talking About Places in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/places_fb57172a-7d06-47ee-a9b7-c1f4b6b2b264.jpg?v=1766305419&width=170)
![この・その・あの・どの – Using ‘This / That / Which’ with Nouns in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/acd351ada3fe4b04ae86de788a3350b8.jpg?v=1766305268&width=170)
![これ・それ・あれ・どれ – Saying ‘This / That / Which One’ in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/this-that.jpg?v=1766305107&width=170)
![か~か – Expressing Choices like “A or B” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/choices.jpg?v=1766304827&width=170)
![~から~まで – Saying “From A to B” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/from-AtoB.jpg?v=1765093560&width=170)
![まで – Expressing “Until” and “Up To” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/until-up-to.jpg?v=1765093405&width=170)
![から – Expressing “Because” and “From/Since” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/because-from_since.jpg?v=1765093285&width=170)
![や – Listing Examples with “And, Among Others” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/and.jpg?v=1765093138&width=170)
![か – Forming Questions and Saying “Or” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ka-questions.jpg?v=1763787134&width=170)
![も – Saying “Also” and “Too” in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/mo-also-too_99f908e6-78d0-4f82-8319-391ef42764bc.jpg?v=1763787251&width=170)
![と – Linking 'And', 'With', and Quotations in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/to-and-with-quotation.jpg?v=1763265110&width=170)
![で – Marking Where and How an Action Happens in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/de-where-how-action-happens.jpg?v=1763264973&width=170)
![へ – Marking Direction ‘Toward’ in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/he-marking-direction.jpg?v=1762667986&width=170)
![に – Marking Time, Destinations, and Recipients in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ni-marking-destination.jpg?v=1762667846&width=170)
![の – Possession and Noun Linking in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/no-possession-and-noun-linking.jpg?v=1761961297&width=170)
![を – Marking the Direct Object in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/o-direct-object.jpg?v=1761960990&width=170)
![が – Marking the Subject ('Who/What') in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/ga-subject-marker_60f30f70-6ca5-47ee-9a00-3646195d7d3c.jpg?v=1761386355&width=170)
![は (wa) – Topic Marker and Contrast in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/wa-topic-marker.jpg?v=1761385996&width=170)
![じゃない・ではありません – Expressing 'Is/Was Not' in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/janai-dehaarimasen_2594963b-531e-4f4d-a9b0-361010e0a720.jpg?v=1760865884&width=170)
![だ・です/だった・でした – Saying ‘to be’ in Japanese [JLPT N5]](http://hirakan.com/cdn/shop/articles/da-desu-datta-deshita_58bbc732-53fd-48da-83c7-4e477e7cc0b2.jpg?v=1760864506&width=170)

















