から – Expressing “Because” and “From/Since” in Japanese [JLPT N5]
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Quick Summary
- Meaning: から shows a reason (“because”) or a starting point (“from / since”).
- How to Use: Put から after a reason or starting point to connect it to the result or to what comes after.
- 今日は雨だから、カエルの写真を千枚とります。
- Kyou wa ame da kara, kaeru no shashin o senmai torimasu.
- Because it’s raining today, I will take 1,000 photos of frogs.
Overview
The particle から is a very common and very useful word in Japanese. At the N5 level, you mainly meet it in two big ways:
- Reason から result – the “because” meaning
- From / since A から B – the starting point meaning
When から means “because”, it usually comes after a reason, and that reason is followed by the result. In Japanese, we often say the reason first, then the result. For example:
- ねこが重いから、ベッドが曲がります。
- Neko ga omoi kara, beddo ga magarimasu.
- Because the cat is heavy, the bed bends.
When から means “from / since”, it shows the point where something starts: a time, a place, or even a person you receive something from. It’s like the English “from” or “since.” For example:
- ロボットは朝7時から歌を歌います。
- Robotto wa asa shichi-ji kara uta o utaimasu.
- The robot sings songs from 7 a.m.
So when you see から, always ask yourself:
- Is it explaining a reason? → probably “because”
- Is it showing where or when something starts? → probably “from / since”
In daily conversation, から feels neutral and natural. It works in both polite and casual Japanese, so it’s one of the first connectors you should get comfortable using.
Structure / Formation
1. から as “because” (reason → result)
To say “because A, (therefore) B” in Japanese, you make this pattern:
- Clause + から、Clause
The first clause is the reason and comes before から. The second clause is the result.
Here are the basic forms you can put before から:
- V (plain) + から
- i-adj + から
- na-adj + だから
- N + だから
Think of it like this:
- Reason (plain form) + から、Result (usually polite form at N5)
| Type | Pattern before から | Example (reason part only) |
|---|---|---|
| Verb | V (plain) + から | 行く (iku, to go) → 行くから (iku kara, because (I) go) |
| i-adjective | i-adj + から | 寒い (samui, cold) → 寒いから (samui kara, because it’s cold) |
| na-adjective | na-adj + だから | 元気 (genki, healthy/energetic) → 元気だから (genki da kara, because (I) am energetic) |
| Noun | N + だから | 学生 (gakusei, student) → 学生だから (gakusei da kara, because (I) am a student) |
At N5, it is very common to use plain form before から, then a polite verb after it. For example:
- ゲームが楽しいから、宿題をしません。
- Geemu ga tanoshii kara, shukudai o shimasen.
- Because the game is fun, I don’t do my homework.
Word order is important:
- Reason + から、Result。
You cannot swap them like in English (“I don’t do homework because the game is fun”) and keep the same natural feel. In Japanese, keep the reason before から.
2. から as “from / since” (starting point)
から can also mark a starting point in time, place, or sometimes a person you receive from. In these cases, it comes after a noun, and it is read like “from” or “since.”
- N (Time) + から
- N (Place) + から
- N (Person) + から
Basic patterns:
- Time から Time まで – “from (time) to (time)”
- Place から Place まで – “from (place) to (place)”
- Person から もらいます – “receive from (person)”
| Role | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Time | Time + から | 3時 (san-ji, three o’clock) → 3時から (san-ji kara, from three o’clock) |
| Time range | Time + から + Time + まで | 月曜日 (getsuyoubi, Monday) から金曜日 (kinyoubi, Friday) まで |
| Place | Place + から | 東京 (Tokyo) から大阪 (Oosaka) まで |
| Person (giver) | Person + から | 先生 (sensei, teacher) から本 (hon, book) をもらいます |
Example with time:
- 忍者の会議は夜9時から12時までです。
- Ninja no kaigi wa yoru ku-ji kara juu-ni-ji made desu.
- The ninja meeting is from 9 p.m. to 12.
Example with place:
- お祖母さんは屋根から学校まで飛びます。
- Obaasan wa yane kara gakkou made tobimasu.
- Grandma flies from the roof to the school.
Example with person:
- 宇宙人から日本語の辞書をもらいました。
- Uchuujin kara Nihongo no jisho o moraimashita.
- I got a Japanese dictionary from an alien.
3. Summary of Core Patterns
Here are the most important beginner patterns with から that you should remember:
-
V (plain) + から、Clause
Example: 食べるから、元気です。(Taberu kara, genki desu., Because I eat, I’m energetic.) -
i-adj + から、Clause
Example: 暑いから、ペンギンは冷蔵庫にいます。(Atsui kara, pengin wa reizouko ni imasu., Because it’s hot, the penguin is in the fridge.) -
na-adj + だから、Clause
Example: ひまだから、ロボットと将棋をします。(Hima da kara, robotto to shougi o shimasu., Because I am free, I play shogi with a robot.) -
N + だから、Clause
Example: 子どもだから、机の下で住みます。(Kodomo da kara, tsukue no shita de sumimasu., Because I’m a child, I live under the desk.) -
Time + から
Example: 明日9時から会議です。(Ashita ku-ji kara kaigi desu., The meeting is from 9 tomorrow.) -
Time + から Time + まで
Example: 映画は6時から8時までです。(Eiga wa roku-ji kara hachi-ji made desu., The movie is from six to eight.) -
Place + から Place + まで
Example: 家から月まで歩きます。(Ie kara tsuki made arukimasu., I walk from my house to the moon.) -
Person + から + N + をもらいます
Example: 友だちからドラゴンの写真をもらいました。(Tomodachi kara doragon no shashin o moraimashita., I received a photo of a dragon from my friend.)
If you keep these patterns in mind and practice with simple sentences, から will quickly become one of your easiest and most natural tools in Japanese.
Example Sentences
- ロボットが上手に歌うから、近所の犬が静かになります。
- Robotto ga jouzu ni utau kara, kinjo no inu ga shizuka ni narimasu.
- Because the robot sings well, the neighborhood dogs become quiet.
- このラーメンは辛いから、宇宙人も汗をかきます。
- Kono raamen wa karai kara, uchuujin mo ase o kakimasu.
- Because this ramen is spicy, even aliens sweat.
- 日曜日だから、先生も学校でゲームをします。
- Nichiyoubi da kara, sensei mo gakkou de geemu o shimasu.
- Because it’s Sunday, even the teacher plays games at school.
- 朝4時から猫の会議があって、家がとてもうるさいです。
- Asa yo-ji kara neko no kaigi ga atte, ie ga totemo urusai desu.
- There is a cat meeting from 4 a.m., so the house is very noisy.
- 友だちから透明な帽子をもらったから、だれもわたしを見ません。
- Tomodachi kara toumei na boushi o moratta kara, dare mo watashi o mimasen.
- Because I got an invisible hat from my friend, nobody sees me.
Quick Practice
(Answers and explanations are right under this section.)
Multiple-Choice
1. Choose the best sentence: “Because it’s cold, the panda drinks hot tea.”
- A. 寒いから、パンダはあたたかいお茶を飲みます。(Samui kara, panda wa atatakai ocha o nomimasu.)
- B. 寒いので、パンダはあたたかいお茶を飲みます。(Samui node, panda wa atatakai ocha o nomimasu.)
- C. 寒いと、パンダはあたたかいお茶を飲みます。(Samui to, panda wa atatakai ocha o nomimasu.)
- D. 寒いや、パンダはあたたかいお茶を飲みます。(Samui ya, panda wa atatakai ocha o nomimasu.)
2. Choose the correct use of から meaning “from” with time.
- A. 7時とゲームをします。(Shichi-ji to geemu o shimasu.)
- B. 7時までゲームをします。(Shichi-ji made geemu o shimasu.)
- C. 7時からゲームをします。(Shichi-ji kara geemu o shimasu.)
- D. 7時でもゲームをします。(Shichi-ji demo geemu o shimasu.)
3. Choose the natural sentence using noun + だから: “Because today is a holiday, the office is quiet.”
- A. 今日は休みだから、会社は静かです。(Kyou wa yasumi da kara, kaisha wa shizuka desu.)
- B. 今日は休みから、会社は静かです。(Kyou wa yasumi kara, kaisha wa shizuka desu.)
- C. 今日は休みと、会社は静かです。(Kyou wa yasumi to, kaisha wa shizuka desu.)
- D. 今日は休みや、会社は静かです。(Kyou wa yasumi ya, kaisha wa shizuka desu.)
4. Choose the correct sentence: “The rocket flies from the park to the moon.”
- A. ロケットは公園から月まで飛びます。(Roketto wa kouen kara tsuki made tobimasu.)
- B. ロケットは公園と月まで飛びます。(Roketto wa kouen to tsuki made tobimasu.)
- C. ロケットは公園や月から飛びます。(Roketto wa kouen ya tsuki kara tobimasu.)
- D. ロケットは公園でも月まで飛びます。(Roketto wa kouen demo tsuki made tobimasu.)
5. Choose the best sentence using verb (plain) + から: “Because I don’t sleep, I drink a lot of coffee.”
- A. 寝ないから、コーヒーをたくさん飲みます。(Nenai kara, koohii o takusan nomimasu.)
- B. 寝ませんから、コーヒーをたくさん飲みます。(Nemasen kara, koohii o takusan nomimasu.)
- C. 寝ないと、コーヒーをたくさん飲みます。(Nenai to, koohii o takusan nomimasu.)
- D. 寝ないまで、コーヒーをたくさん飲みます。(Nenai made, koohii o takusan nomimasu.)
Spot-the-Error
6. One sentence has a mistake with だから or から. Which one is wrong?
- A. 猫は有名人だから、いつもサインをします。(Neko wa yuumeijin da kara, itsumo sain o shimasu.)
- B. 猫は有名人から、いつもサインをします。(Neko wa yuumeijin kara, itsumo sain o shimasu.)
- C. 猫は有名人だから、カメラがたくさんあります。(Neko wa yuumeijin da kara, kamera ga takusan arimasu.)
7. One sentence has a mistake with から showing the starting point. Which one is wrong?
- A. 朝6時からおじいさんはダンスをします。(Asa roku-ji kara ojiisan wa dansu o shimasu.)
- B. 駅から家までゾンビと歩きます。(Eki kara ie made zonbi to arukimasu.)
- C. 先生は学生からへプレゼントをもらいます。(Sensei wa gakusei kara e purezento o moraimasu.)
Translation
8. Translate into Japanese using から: “Because the cake is sweet, the robot is happy.”
9. Translate into Japanese using から: “From Monday to Friday, I study Japanese.”
10. Translate into Japanese using から: “I got a letter from a ghost.”
Answers and Explanations
- 寒いから、パンダはあたたかいお茶を飲みます。(Samui kara, panda wa atatakai ocha o nomimasu.) – Uses i-adjective + から to clearly show the reason “because it’s cold.”
- 7時からゲームをします。(Shichi-ji kara geemu o shimasu.) – から after a time noun shows the starting time “from 7 o’clock.”
- 今日は休みだから、会社は静かです。(Kyou wa yasumi da kara, kaisha wa shizuka desu.) – Noun + だから is the correct form for “because (it) is a holiday.”
- ロケットは公園から月まで飛びます。(Roketto wa kouen kara tsuki made tobimasu.) – から ... まで correctly marks the place range “from the park to the moon.”
- 寝ないから、コーヒーをたくさん飲みます。(Nenai kara, koohii o takusan nomimasu.) – Plain verb + から is the standard N5 pattern for giving a reason.
- 猫は有名人から、いつもサインをします。(Neko wa yuumeijin kara, itsumo sain o shimasu.) – Here から is wrong; we need だから to give the reason “because (the cat) is a celebrity.”
- 先生は学生からへプレゼントをもらいます。(Sensei wa gakusei kara e purezento o moraimasu.) – The から part is correct but adding へ after it is wrong; it should be 学生からプレゼントをもらいます with only から for the giver.
- ケーキが甘いから、ロボットはうれしいです。(Keeki ga amai kara, robotto wa ureshii desu.) – i-adjective 甘い plus から gives the reason “because the cake is sweet,” followed by the result.
- 月曜日から金曜日まで日本語を勉強します。(Getsuyoubi kara kinyoubi made Nihongo o benkyou shimasu.) – から … まで with days shows the time range “from Monday to Friday.”
- お化けから手紙をもらいました。(Obake kara tegami o moraimashita.) – から after お化け marks the person you received the letter from.
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