~が好き/~が嫌い – Talking About Likes and Dislikes in Japanese

~が好き/~が嫌い – Talking About Likes and Dislikes in Japanese [JLPT N5]

Quick Summary

  • Meaning: The patterns ~が好き and ~が嫌い show what you like or dislike.
  • How to Use: Put the thing you like/dislike before が, then add 好きです (suki desu, like) or 嫌いです (kirai desu, dislike).
Example:
  • 妹は数学が好きです。
  • Imouto wa suugaku ga suki desu.
  • My little sister likes math.

Overview

The grammar point ~が好き/~が嫌い is the basic way to talk about likes and dislikes in Japanese. You use it to say that someone likes something, or does not like something.

In English, we say “I like cats” or “He hates spiders.” In Japanese, we do not use a normal verb for “like” here. Instead, we use two special na-adjectives:

  • 好き (suki) – “liked,” “favorite,” used to mean “to like”
  • 嫌い (kirai) – “disliked,” “hated,” used to mean “to dislike / to hate”

So the pattern is:

  • Person は Thing が 好きです。 – “Person likes Thing.”
  • Person は Thing が 嫌いです。 – “Person dislikes Thing.”

The particle marks the thing that is liked or disliked. The person who has that feeling is usually marked by . This is different from English, where the person is the subject of a “like” verb. In Japanese, the feeling is more like a state the person has.

好き is usually gentle and positive. 嫌い is stronger than English “don’t like” and can sound like “hate,” especially about people. For food, hobbies, or funny topics, it is used very often and sounds natural:

  • 私はブロッコリーが嫌いです。
  • Watashi wa burokkorii ga kirai desu.
  • I dislike broccoli.

When talking about people or friends, Japanese speakers sometimes choose softer expressions instead of 嫌い, but for now, you can remember that 嫌い means “really don’t like / hate.”

Structure / Formation

Here is the basic structure you need to use ~が好き and ~が嫌い.

Base Patterns

  • Person は N が 好きです。 – Person likes N.
  • Person は N が 嫌いです。 – Person dislikes N.
  • Person は V-る のが 好きです。 – Person likes doing V.
  • Person は V-る のが 嫌いです。 – Person dislikes doing V.

Using Nouns with ~が好き/~が嫌い

To say you like or dislike a thing (a noun), use this pattern:

  • Person は N が 好きです/嫌いです。

Person is usually a pronoun like 私 (watashi, I), or someone’s name, or a word like 兄 (ani, older brother). N is what they like or dislike: food, school subjects, animals, etc.

Notice these roles:

  • marks the person as the topic: who we are talking about.
  • marks the liked/disliked thing.
Pattern Romaji Meaning
私はNが好きです。 Watashi wa N ga suki desu. I like N.
私はNが嫌いです。 Watashi wa N ga kirai desu. I dislike / hate N.

Example:

  • 兄はホラー映画が好きです。
  • Ani wa horā eiga ga suki desu.
  • My older brother likes horror movies.
  • 先生は月曜日が嫌いです。
  • Sensei wa getsuyoubi ga kirai desu.
  • My teacher dislikes Mondays.

Using Verbs: “Liking to Do Something”

To say you like or dislike doing something, you cannot put the verb directly before . You need to turn the verb into a “thing” using V-る + の, then add が好き/が嫌い.

  • Person は V-る のが 好きです。
  • Person は V-る のが 嫌いです。

Here, V-る is the plain dictionary form of the verb, like 食べる (taberu, to eat), 読む (yomu, to read), or 踊る (odoru, to dance).

Pattern Romaji Meaning
V-る のが好きです。 V-ru no ga suki desu. like doing V
V-る のが嫌いです。 V-ru no ga kirai desu. dislike doing V

Examples:

  • 私は朝に歌うのが好きです。
  • Watashi wa asa ni utau no ga suki desu.
  • I like singing in the morning.
  • 弟は宿題をするのが嫌いです。
  • Otouto wa shukudai o suru no ga kirai desu.
  • My little brother dislikes doing homework.

Polite and Casual Forms of 好き and 嫌い

好き and 嫌い are na-adjectives (na-adj). With adjectives, politeness comes from the です/だ at the end of the sentence, not from changing the adjective itself.

Form Japanese Romaji Meaning
Polite 犬が好きです。 Inu ga suki desu. I like dogs.
Casual 犬が好きだ。 Inu ga suki da. I like dogs.
Polite negative 犬が好きではありません。 Inu ga suki de wa arimasen. I do not like dogs.
Casual negative 犬が好きじゃない。 Inu ga suki ja nai. I don’t like dogs.

At JLPT N5 level, you will mostly use the polite forms:

  • 好きです/嫌いです
  • 好きではありません/嫌いではありません (very polite/formal)
  • 好きじゃないです/嫌いじゃないです (common spoken style)

Examples:

  • おじいさんはゲームが好きじゃないです。
  • Ojiisan wa gēmu ga suki ja nai desu.
  • Grandpa doesn’t like games.
  • 私の猫は雨が嫌いではありません。
  • Watashi no neko wa ame ga kirai de wa arimasen.
  • My cat does not dislike rain.

Usage Tips

A few key points will help you sound more natural:

  • Always mark the liked/disliked thing with , not を.
  • Remember that 好き/嫌い describe a state, so you do not need a separate verb like “to like.”
  • With people, 嫌い can feel strong. For now it is fine in simple practice sentences, but in real life, be careful when using it about real people.

Mastering ~が好き/~が嫌い will let you talk about your hobbies, your favorite food, and also funny things your friends and family like or hate. It is one of the most useful patterns for introducing yourself and starting conversations in Japanese.

Example Sentences

  • 宇宙人は納豆が好きです。
  • Uchuujin wa nattou ga suki desu.
  • Aliens like natto (fermented soybeans).

  • ロボットは月曜日が嫌いです。
  • Robotto wa getsuyoubi ga kirai desu.
  • The robot dislikes Mondays.

  • 私はテストをするのが好きじゃないです。
  • Watashi wa tesuto o suru no ga suki ja nai desu.
  • I don’t like taking tests.

  • おばあさんは夜にホラーゲームをするのが好きです。
  • Obaasan wa yoru ni horā gēmu o suru no ga suki desu.
  • Grandma likes playing horror games at night.

  • 私の犬は犬が嫌いですが、猫が好きです。
  • Watashi no inu wa inu ga kirai desu ga, neko ga suki desu.
  • My dog dislikes dogs, but likes cats.

Quick Practice

(Answers and explanations are right under this section.)

Multiple-Choice

1. Choose the correct sentence: “I like coffee.”

  • A. 私はコーヒーを好きです。(Watashi wa kōhī o suki desu.)
  • B. 私はコーヒーが好きです。(Watashi wa kōhī ga suki desu.)
  • C. 私はコーヒーと好きです。(Watashi wa kōhī to suki desu.)
  • D. 私はコーヒーや好きです。(Watashi wa kōhī ya suki desu.)

2. Choose the best answer: “My little brother hates ghosts.”

  • A. 弟はおばけが嫌いです。(Otouto wa obake ga kirai desu.)
  • B. 弟はおばけを嫌いです。(Otouto wa obake o kirai desu.)
  • C. 弟はおばけが好きではありません。(Otouto wa obake ga suki de wa arimasen.)
  • D. 弟はおばけでも嫌いです。(Otouto wa obake demo kirai desu.)

3. Choose the correct sentence using a verb: “Grandpa likes dancing.”

  • A. おじいさんは踊るが好きです。(Ojiisan wa odoru ga suki desu.)
  • B. おじいさんは踊りが好きです。(Ojiisan wa odori ga suki desu.)
  • C. おじいさんは踊るのが好きです。(Ojiisan wa odoru no ga suki desu.)
  • D. おじいさんは踊ってが好きです。(Ojiisan wa odotte ga suki desu.)

4. Choose the most natural polite negative sentence: “I don’t like tests.”

  • A. 私はテストが好きではありません。(Watashi wa tesuto ga suki de wa arimasen.)
  • B. 私はテストが嫌いではありません。(Watashi wa tesuto ga kirai de wa arimasen.)
  • C. 私はテストが好きです。(Watashi wa tesuto ga suki desu.)
  • D. 私はテストが好きじゃないだ。(Watashi wa tesuto ga suki ja nai da.)

5. Choose the correct sentence: “My robot likes cats and dogs.”

  • A. ロボットは猫と犬が好きです。(Robotto wa neko to inu ga suki desu.)
  • B. ロボットは猫や犬が好きです。(Robotto wa neko ya inu ga suki desu.)
  • C. ロボットは猫が好き、犬が好きです。(Robotto wa neko ga suki, inu ga suki desu.)
  • D. ロボットは猫が嫌いで、犬が好きです。(Robotto wa neko ga kirai de, inu ga suki desu.)

Spot-the-Error

6. One of these sentences has an error with 好き/嫌い. Which one is incorrect?

  • A. お姉さんは辛いカレーが好きです。(Oneesan wa karai karē ga suki desu.)
  • B. 私は宿題をするのが嫌いです。(Watashi wa shukudai o suru no ga kirai desu.)
  • C. 兄はピザを好きです。(Ani wa piza o suki desu.)

7. One of these sentences has an error with particles around 好き/嫌い. Which one is incorrect?

  • A. 私の猫は雨が嫌いです。(Watashi no neko wa ame ga kirai desu.)
  • B. 先生はゲームが好きじゃないです。(Sensei wa gēmu ga suki ja nai desu.)
  • C. 妹は音楽は好きです。(Imouto wa ongaku wa suki desu.)

Translation

8. Translate into Japanese: “The alien likes studying Japanese.” (Use V-る のが 好きです.)

9. Translate into Japanese: “My mom doesn’t hate spinach.” (Use 嫌いではありません.)

10. Translate into Japanese: “I don’t like getting up early.” (Use V-る のが 好きじゃないです.)


Answers and Explanations

  1. 私はコーヒーが好きです。(Watashi wa kōhī ga suki desu.) – The liked thing must take が, not を, and と/や cannot directly connect to 好き like this.
  2. 弟はおばけが嫌いです。(Otouto wa obake ga kirai desu.) – 嫌い takes が for the disliked thing; を is wrong, and the other options change the meaning.
  3. おじいさんは踊るのが好きです。(Ojiisan wa odoru no ga suki desu.) – To say “like doing,” use V-る + のが; other options are either noun “odori” or wrong forms.
  4. 私はテストが好きではありません。(Watashi wa tesuto ga suki de wa arimasen.) – This is the standard polite negative of 好きです for “don’t like.”
  5. ロボットは猫と犬が好きです。(Robotto wa neko to inu ga suki desu.) – と naturally lists both as liked; や suggests “etc.,” and the others change or split the meaning.
  6. 兄はピザを好きです。(Ani wa piza o suki desu.) – 好き must use が for the thing; it should be ピザが好きです.
  7. 妹は音楽は好きです。(Imouto wa ongaku wa suki desu.) – The liked thing normally takes が; here it should be 音楽が好きです, so using は is unnatural and incorrect for this level.
  8. 宇宙人は日本語を勉強するのが好きです。(Uchuujin wa nihongo o benkyou suru no ga suki desu.) – V-る + のが turns “study Japanese” into a thing that is liked.
  9. お母さんはほうれん草が嫌いではありません。(Okaasan wa hōrensō ga kirai de wa arimasen.) – 嫌いではありません gives the polite “doesn’t dislike / doesn’t hate.”
  10. 私は早く起きるのが好きじゃないです。(Watashi wa hayaku okiru no ga suki ja nai desu.) – V-る + のが + 好きじゃないです expresses “don’t like doing (V)” in common spoken polite style.
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